Are you worried about how to grab good scores in your board exam? Everyone around you might be talking about your exams & there would be an environment filled with tension right? Sanskrit is a subject that is taken casually often but is one of the important subject for you. For some, Marathi is fun whereas boring for others. But regular practice, reading and writing will help you clean your exams. We all know that class 10 is one of the most important milestones in your life. and with everyone talking about the exams – from friends to teachers, and from parents to relatives, an air full of tension surrounds you. Take a long breath and relax we are here to help you with easy tips to score good in Sanskrit and help you Discover comprehensive Sanskrit chapter summaries for class 10 exam preparation.
Exam Paper Pattern for Sanskrit class 10: In some of the schools, you have an option to choose 50% Hindi and 50% Sanskrit as a subject. However, you can also opt for either full Hindi or full Sanskrit.
Sanskrit Chapter wise Summary for Class 10
Chapter 1 आद्यकृषकः पृथुवैन्यः । (THE FOREMOST FARMER – PRUTHUVA)
India is an agriculture-based country. Agriculture plays a significant role in the socio-economic fabric of the country. King Pruthuvainya the son of Vena invented, initialised and developed Agricultural work. Pruthu is considered to be the first consecrated king of the earth. The earth is known as Prithvi, in the memory of Pruthu’s work. The given extract is the legend that reveals the history of Pruthu’s initiation of agricultural work and civilization.
Chapter 2 व्यसने मित्रपरीक्षा। (THE FRIEND’S TEST (HAPPENS/TAKES PLACE) IN THE CALAMITY)
हितोपदेश is an ancient Indian text in Sanskrit language consisting of fables of animals and human characters. It incorporates maxims, worldly wisdoms and morals on political affairs ina simple and an entertaining manner. Narayan Pandit is the author of this book. His purpose behind composing enye is to give knowledge to be wise. This is done through moral stories in which birds, beasts as well as humans interact. हितोपदेश has four sections मित्रलाभ, सुह्रदभेद, विग्रह, संधि The repercussion of trusting strangers is well brought out through the story of deer, jackal and crow.
Chapter 3 सूक्तिसुधा। (GOOD SAYINGS ARE LIKE NECTAR)
Sanskrit language is enriched with such good sayings. One can cultivate a strong and morally superior character by understanding the meaning of a good saying with reference to the given सुभाषित. Several Sanskrit sayings are often used in other Indian languages. In fact, remembering such sayings definitely enhances one’s vocabulary and command over languages.
Chapter 4 स एव परमाणुः । (THAT ITSELF IS AN ATOM)
Many propositions regarding the world’s evolution have been put forth till date. The world is made of tiny particles is a very ancient insight. Jon Dalton, an English chemist and physicist is the man credited today with the development of atomic theory. In the ancient times, a theory of atoms was formulated by an Indian sage and philosopher, कणाड. वैशयषिक दर्शन depicts his ideas about the atom and the nature of the universe. In this lesson अर्णव father explains the concept of अणु vith lucid examples.
Chapter 5 युग्ममाला। (SERIES OF PAIR OF WORDS)
शब्धयुग्म, pair of words are noticeable in Sanskrit literature for example यदा – तदा, यत्र- तत्र etc. The usage of such pair of words in sentences or in verses increases its beauty eg: यथा राजा तथा प्रजा। युग्ममाला is a collation of these verses wherein शब्धयुग्म is used to complete the meaning of the verse as well as to enhance its linguistic beauty.
Chapter 6 संस्कृतनाट्ययुग्मम् । (A PAIR OF SANSKRIT DRAMA)
कालिदास is regarded as an extra-ordinary poet and dramatist in Sanskrit literature. His plays, poetry are primarily based on the Vedas, Mahabharata and Puranas. His creations reflects Value based Indian culture. The creations / writings are popular and amusing across India and the world. The Following extract from the 1st chapter of Kalidas famous drama अभिज्ञानशकुंतलम where the hero of drama, king दुष्यंत tries to capture a deer, when a hermit वैखानस intervenes and requests him for the protection of an animal in that hermitage. The king honours the words of the hermit and withdraws his arrow and puts it back into quiver.
Chapter 7 वाचनप्रशंसा। (Praise of Reading)
Honourable Dr. A.PJ. Abdul Kalam was titled as India’s missile man for his work in the development of missiles. Also known as People’s president’ as he often spoke and inspired youth for their development. Dr. A.PJ. Abdul Kalam considered the book as a permanent companion. He said, “Coming into contact with a good book and possessing it it’s indeed an everlasting enrichment.” He used to respect books. So, We celebrate his birth date 15h October as ‘वाचनप्रेरणादिवस’ that means, a day to promote, reading. वाचनप्रशंसा throws light on the benefits of reading varied books.
Chapter 8 नदीसूक्तम्। (HYMN OF THE RIVER)
ऋग्वेद is the most ancient perhaps the foremost literature in Sanskrit. It comprises of ten मण्डल filled with liturgical material as well as mythological accounts, poetry and prayers. Hymns of ऋग्वेद praises gods, goddesses, natural elements in a poetic form. विश्वामित्र जेड नदीसंवाद is one of the dialogue found in third मण्डल of ऋग्वेद. Herein the stage विश्वामित्र worships (river) as a mother and pleases her with the assurance to care and serve her. Human civilization expanded on the banks of the river. Indeed, oater is of special significance in Indian culture for its life-sustaining properties as well as its use in rituals and because of the stress given to cleanliness. Hence, ve should take care of the rivers. This thought is appropriately brought out through by respectable Dr. Manjusha Goklhale.
Chapter 9 आदिशक्डराचार्य: (AADI SHANKARACHARYA)
Aadi Shankaracharya was an early eighth century Indian philosopher and theologian who consolidated the doctrine of अद्वैत वेदांत is reputed to have founded four mathas (monasteries) at द्वारका, जगन्नाथपुरी शृंगेरी and ज्योतिर्मठ He placed his printary four disciples to head it and guide people. He wrote copious commentaries on the vedic canon ब्रह्मसूत्र principal Upanishad & Bhagvadgeeta and Also, he composed poetic words in the form of स्त्रोत्र which are prevalent even today. In the lesson, two incidents of his life are given. first incident explains how आदिशक्डराचार्य was keen to become a monk & was granted by his mother for practising monkship; due to an inescapable situation. The second event unfolds preaching that whosoever impards knowledge is the preceptor.
Chapter 10 चित्रकाव्यम्
Sanskrit language is adorned with various peculiar सुभाषित. चित्रकाव्य is one of them. ‘बुद्धिविकासकानि सुभाषितानि नाम चित्रकाव्यानि।’ that means, सुभाषितs developing/provoking the intelligence is चित्रकाव्य. Aim of चित्रकाव्य is to generate a sense of wonder by resorting to unusual management of certain meters and innovative poetic structures. It also arouses amusement and pleasure. चित्रकाव्य is an image poetry. Such poems show the prodigious intellect of the poets and their command over language. The given ‘चित्रकाव्यम्’ poetry consists of varied types of poetry such as अन्तरालापः, अन्योक्तिः, हास्योक्तिः , कर्तृगुप्ता प्रहेलिका, समस्यापूर्तिः, वाकोवाक्यम् etc.
Chapter 11 मानवताधर्म: । (HUMANITY IS INDEED Dharma):
धर्मः is multifaceted and all inclusive term with many meanings. यः धारयति सः धर्मः is a well-known definition of धर्म which means, that which is followed is धर्म| धर्म embraces every type of righteous conduct. So, it is rightly said ‘स्वकर्तव्यस्य पालनं नाम धर्मः। Human society is upheld performed by its members. For eg. parents protecting / nurturing children (पितृधर्म-मातृधर्म), children obeying parents (कन्याधर्म, पुत्रधर्म) king protecting the citizens (राज धर्म) ) apart from this पतिधर्म, पत्नीधर्म etc. महाभारत says, that which ensures the welfare of human beings. Hence, all should resort to मानवताधर्म (Humanity) which will lead to upliftment and welfare of living beings. मानवता सर्वधर्माणां मूलम् । Humanity is the origin of all धर्मs. Thus, the humanity, (मानवता ) is well described by respected Dr. देवीप्रसाद खरवण्डीकर engages himself in the spread of Sanskrit language.
Tips to score good in Sanskrit Exam:
- Focus more on important Sandhis, Samas as well as Pratyas from your textbook.
- You can refer to books having Hindi or English translations for the literature section, so that you would be having a more clarity and understanding of the section.
- The most important key to score in the subject is by understanding the words as well as sentences rather than mugging up the things.
- Do a mini revision for all your topics, read and write it regularly so that you will be habitual towards the subject.
- Read the chapters and refer the translations simultaneously
- Focus on the grammar and basic concepts to attempt grammar related questions
- Regularly practice the topics and try speaking Sanskrit in your day to day conversation
Last minute Sanskrit exam preparation tips:
- Get up early and use that time to study important topics
- Share problems you are facing and look for solutions
- Review the summaries you have rather than the entire chapters
- Reduce your Screen Time avoid using Technology
- Consider taking breaks, refresh yourself and start again.
- Get everything ready and in place for the next day
- Give more focus on your weak points
- Solve Mock papers along with the timer
- Have a clear overview of your Exam
To conclude, Class 10 students should follow a schedule so that they can give equal time for all the chapters for their subjects.
Hope the tips and Sanskrit chapter summaries for class 10 exam preparation brought value on the table. Stay Tuned for further Updates on Maharashtra State board as well as CBSE exams. Don’t forget to download our app “SIR ACADEMY” for more such updates! Book your Demo class today!
Happy Learning!